Exposure to Aluminium increases the risk of Osteoporosis (as Aluminium impairs the function of Osteoblasts).  
Nervous System
Aluminium is strongly implicated in Alzheimer's Disease:   Arial;color:white">
-Whenever the Brains of dead Alzheimer's Disease patients are dissected, ers find Aluminium accumulated in them.
-When injected into the brains of animals, Aluminium causes tangles of the Dendrites within the Brain.
-Areas which use Aluminium Sulfate to purify drinking water, show increased incidence of Alzheimer's Disease.
-Aluminium facilitates the toxic accumulation (aggregation) of Amyloid-Beta Protein (a known contributory factor to Alzheimer’s Disease).  
Aluminium has been implicated as a possible cause of Amyotrophic
Lateral Sclerosis. 
Aluminium concentrates in the Brain:
-Aluminium can cause Convulsions in the Brain.
Aluminium contributes to Down’s Syndrome.  peer-reviewed
Aluminium has been implicated as a cause of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
Aluminium enhances the deposition of Amyloid-Beta Protein in Neurons. 
Aluminium has been implicated as a cause of Parkinson's Disease
.  
Aluminium (when it concentrates in the Brain) impairs Short-Term Memory.
Respiratory System
Molecules within the body that become bound to Aluminium are no longer able to absorb Oxygen from the Blood Vessels.
Water & Water Balance
Molecules within the body that become bound to Aluminium are no longer able to absorb Water from the Blood Vessels.
Aluminium Exacerbates the Effects of these Toxic Substances
Proteins
Aluminium facilitates the toxic accumulation (aggregation) of Amyloid-Beta Protein.  
Sources of Aluminium
Food Processing Methods
Aluminium Cans
Aluminium Cookware
Pharmaceutical Drugs
Many Pharmaceutical Antacids contain the Aluminium Hydroxide form of Aluminium.
Aluminium is a component of Aspirin.
Cosmetics & Toiletries
Most commercial Antiperspirants contain Aluminium (in its Aluminium Chlorohydrate form) - Spray-on forms of commercial Antiperspirants are more toxic (due to Aluminium being absorbed into the body through the Olfactory System via residual vapors from Sprays - Aluminium is absorbed into the body more efficiently via the Olfactory system than via the Skin).
Commercial Toothpaste often contains Aluminium.
Foods
Aluminium is commonly added to Baking Powders during their manufacturing process.
Aluminium is added to many forms of Cheese during the manufacturing process.
Aluminium is often added to refined Flour during the manufacturing process.
Aluminium is present in Table Salt (due to the manufacturing process for Table Salt).
Sea Vegetables are prone to contamination from Aluminium when they are harvested from Water that is polluted with Aluminium.
Orthodox Medical Practices
Aluminium is a common component of Dental Fillings.
Recreational Drugs
Aluminium is a constituent of Tobacco smoke.
Water
Aluminium Sulfate is used by many countries to remove fine particles from drinking Water.
Aluminium Interferes with these Substances
Enzymes
Aluminium inhibits the function of some endogenous Enzymes.
Minerals
Aluminium prevents the absorption of Calcium.
Aluminium significantly inhibits the absorption and utilization of Magnesium. 
Aluminium prevents the absorption of Phosphorus.
Neurotransmitters
Aluminium interferes with the synthesis of Acetylcholine.   Arial;color:white">
Aluminium interferes with the function of Dopamine within the Brain. 
Aluminium interferes with the function of Norepinephrine within the Brain.  
Nucleic Acids
Aluminium binds to and damages the body's Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). Arial;color:white">
Vitamins
Aluminium reduces the transport of Choline into the Neurons.   Arial;color:white">
Other
Molecules in the body which are bound to Aluminium are no longer able to absorb Water, Oxygen or Nutrients from the Blood Vessels.
Forms of Aluminium
Aluminium Chlorohydrate is the form of Aluminium present in Antiperspirants.
Aluminium Hydroxide is a component of most Pharmaceutical Antacids.
Aluminium Sulfate is added to drinking Water in many countries as a purifier.
Sodium Aluminate is added to drinking Water in many countries as a means of preventing the buildup of Calcium and Magnesium deposits in Water pipes.
Bioavailability  

Ingestion
Aluminium is absorbed poorly via the Intestines.
Aluminium is very readily absorbed via the Olfactory System (therefore Aluminium in spray-on Antiperspirants is absorbed into the body more efficiently than Aluminium in roll-on Antiperspirants).
Aluminium is poorly absorbed through the Skin.
Excretion
Aluminium is excreted from the body via the Kidneys - if Kidney function is sub-optimal Aluminium may be deposited in the Bones.
________________________________________
ARSENIC
Description
Arsenic is a type of Toxic Mineral (except in extremely small amounts). Arial;color:white">
Although Arsenic is undoubtedly a lethal poison, it may in fact be an essential nutrient for humans in very small amounts.  It is definitely an essential element for some animals and is not as toxic (in very small amounts) as its reputation suggests.

Toxic Effects of Arsenic
Cardiovascular System
Arsenic interferes with Blood Circulation.
Cells
Arsenic damages/kills Cells by causing aberrations to Chromosomes.
Excretory System
Arsenic accumulates in the Kidneys.
Blood in the Urine can occur as a result of Arsenic poisoning.
Immune System
Excessive exposure to inorganic Arsenic increases the risk of Bladder Cancer. 
Arsenic accumulates in the Spleen.
Metabolism
Arsenic interferes with the body's ability to produce Energy.
Arsenic poisoning causes Fatigue.
Arsenic poisoning causes Goiter.
Arsenic poisoning causes Jaundice.
Arsenic accumulates in the Liver.  
Musculoskeletal System
Arsenic poisoning causes Muscle Cramps. 
Arsenic concentrates in the Muscles. 
Arsenic poisoning can cause Muscle Weakness.  
Nervous System
Arsenic poisoning causes Anorexia.
Arsenic poisoning causes Headaches.
Arsenic poisoning causes Itching.
Arsenic poisoning causes Memory impairment.
Arsenic poisoning causes Nausea.
Arsenic poisoning causes Numbness.
Arsenic poisoning impairs Reflexes.
Arsenic poisoning causes Vertigo.
Skin/Hair/Nails
Arsenic poisoning causes Dermatitis.
Arsenic poisoning can cause Eczema. 
Arsenic accumulates in the Hair and can cause Hair Loss.
Arsenic accumulates in the Nails.
Arsenic accumulates in the Skin.
Sources of Arsenic
Exotoxins
Some Pharmaceutical Drugs contain Arsenic.
Car Exhausts contain Arsenic.
Household Detergents commonly contain Arsenic.
Many Pesticides and Weedkillers contain Arsenic.
Food Poisoning
Clams and Oysters can contain Arsenic when they are harvested from waters contaminated with Arsenic.
Water
Tap Water (in some contaminated areas) contains Arsenic.
Arsenic Interferes with these Substances
Amino Acids
Arsenic interferes with the metabolism of Arginine.  
Minerals
Arsenic displaces Phosphorus.
Arsenic causes depletion of the body's Selenium (due to Selenium binding with and chelating Arsenic).
Bioavailability
Arsenic is poorly absorbed by the body - less than 5% of ingested Arsenic is absorbed.
Arsenic (except for the Arsenic Trioxide form) is excreted rapidly and easily via the Kidneys so toxic levels do not easily accumulate within the body.
________________________________________
CADMIUM
Description
Cadmium is a type of Toxic Micromineral.  Cadmium is highly toxic - it is more toxic than Lead or Mercury.

Toxic Effects of Cadmium
Cardiovascular System
Cadmium accumulates in the Arteries where it is implicated in Atherosclerosis.
Excessive Cadmium causes Anemia (due to Cadmium competing with Copper for absorption).
There is a possible link between Cadmium poisoning and Cardiomyopathy. 
Cadmium causes Heart disease by increasing the size of the Heart.
Cadmium toxicity can cause Hypertension.  
Digestive System
Approximately 25% of the body's accumulated Cadmium is found in the Liver.
Cadmium causes loss of the sense of Taste.
Excretory System
Approximately 25% of the body's accumulated Cadmium is found in the Kidneys:
-Cadmium raises Blood Pressure (via Kidney damage). 
-Cadmium increases the incidence of Calcium Kidney Stones
.  
Eyes/Vision
Exposure to/ingestion of Cadmium increases the risk of Cataracts
.  
Immune System
Cadmium reduces the body's production of some types of Antibodies:
-Cadmium reduces the body's production of IgG.
-Cadmium reduces the body's production of IgM.
Cadmium increases susceptibility to Bacterial & Viral Diseases. 
Cadmium increases the risk of some forms of Cancer:
-Long term exposure to Cadmium increases the risk of Lung Cancer.
-Cadmium can cause Prostate Cancer (due to its antagonism of Zinc, Cadmium can replace Zinc in the Prostate).
Metabolism
Cadmium causes Cross-Linking of the body's endogenous Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Lipids. 
Cadmium causes Fatigue.
Cadmium stimulates the production of Free Radicals.
Cadmium damages the Liver.  
Musculoskeletal System
Cadmium interferes with Bone formation:
-Cadmium can cause Osteomalacia.  
Nervous System
Cadmium intoxication causes Anosmia (loss of sense of Smell).
Cadmium causes Anxiety.
Cadmium toxicity can lower Intelligence.
Respiratory System
Cadmium causes Fibrosis of the Lungs.
Cadmium is implicated in Emphysema.
Sexual System
Cadmium can cause Male Infertility. 
Cadmium is strongly implicated as a cause of Enlarged Prostate (it stimulates the growth of the Epithelium of the Prostate). 
Cadmium accumulates in and causes atrophy of the Testes.
Cadmium Interferes with these Substances
Enzymes
Cadmium reduces the activity of 5'-Deiodinase (Type I).  
Hormones
Cadmium lowers Triiodothyronine (T3) levels.  
Peptides
Cadmium decreases the level of Glutathione present in the Liver.
Non-Dietary Sources of Cadmium
Air Pollution
Air Pollution - especially prevalent in the air around smelting and plating plants often contains excessive amounts of Cadmium.
Exotoxins
Batteries
Fertilizers (especially Superphosphates) can contain 15-21 mg of Cadmium per kg.
Metal Containers
Metal Foil
Food Preservation Techniques
The linings of Cans used to store/preserve Food often contain Cadmium.
Orthodox Medical Practices
Dental materials often contain Cadmium.
Pharmaceutical Drugs
Topically applied Pharmaceutical Drugs used in the treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff often contain the Cadmium Sulfide form of Cadmium.
Processed Foods
Confectionery
Cola Drinks
Margarine
Recreational Drugs
Cadmium is a constituent of Tobacco Smoke.  
Water
Tap Water can contain Cadmium if contaminated.
Dietary Sources of Cadmium
(micrograms of Cadmium per 100 grams)
Herbs:CoffeeTea
Legumes:Soybeans
Meats:Kidneys150Liver150
Processed Plant Foods:Margarine
Seafood:Oysters350
Cadmium Interferes with these Substances
Minerals
Cadmium competes with several essential Minerals for absorption:
-Calcium
-Copper
-Selenium
-Zinc  
Vitamins
Cadmium causes depletion of Vitamin C.
Forms of Cadmium
Cadmium Sulfide is a topically applied Pharmaceutical Drug used in the treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff.
Cadmium Salts.
Bioavailability
INGESTION
Only about 20% of ingested Cadmium is absorbed but it is not excreted very well and therefore accumulates over time.
EXCRETION
Only 0.01% of the body's accumulated Cadmium is excreted per day:
-Excretion is achieved mainly through the Kidneys and through the Feces.
________________________________________
MERCURY
Also known as:  Quicksilver

Description
Mercury is a fat-soluble Toxic Heavy Metal.

Toxic Effects of Excess Mercury
Mercury is considered to be the most toxic non-radioactive Heavy Metal.
Cardiovascular System
Excessive ingestion of Mercury can cause Angina.
Ears/Hearing
Mercury toxicity can be an underlying cause of Deafness. 
Mercury toxicity can be an underlying cause of Tinnitus.  
Excretory System
Mercury accumulates in and damages the Kidneys.  
Immune System
Mercury toxicity can be an underlying cause of Autoimmune Diseases.  peer-reviewed
Mercury weakens the Immune System by interfering with the balance of Helper T-Cells subpopulations:
-Mercury inhibits the activity of TH1 Helper T-Cells.  peer-reviewed
-Mercury stimulates the overactivity activity of TH2 Helper T
-Cells.  peer-reviewed 
Excessive exposure to Mercury causes Hodgkin's Disease (a form of Lymphatic Cancer).
Metabolism
Exposure to Mercury (or its vapors) can cause Fatigue. 
Mercury stimulates the production of Free Radicals. 
Mercury accumulates in and damages the Liver.
Musculoskeletal System
Mercury increases the risk of Arthritis.
Exposure to Mercury can cause Muscle Tension. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Muscle Weakness.  
Nervous System
Exposure to Mercury causes impairment in Abstract Reasoning ability. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Aggressiveness. 
Mercury accumulation in the Brain is one of the primary causes of Alzheimer’s Disease.  
Exposure to Mercury can cause Anxiety. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Apathy. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause decreased Attention Span. 
Mercury concentrates in and damages the Brain:
-Mercury damages the Blood-Brain Barrier.
-Mercury concentrates in and damages the Cerebral Cortex.
Exposure to Mercury can cause impairment of Concentration. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause impaired Coordination ability. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Depression. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Drowsiness.
Mercury can cause Epilepsy.
Exposure to Mercury can cause Hallucinations. 
Exposure to Mercury (or its vapors) can cause Headache. 
Exposure to Mercury (or its vapors) can cause Insomnia.  
Exposure to Mercury can lower Intelligence. 
Exposure to Mercury (or its vapors) can cause Irritability. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause impairment of Learning ability. 
Exposure to Mercury (or its vapors) can cause Memory impairment.  
Mental Retardation can occur as a result of excessive exposure to Mercury. 
Exposure to Mercury is associated with poor (“bad”) Mood. 
Mercury can cause Multiple Sclerosis (MS). 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Nervousness.  
Mercury can cause Numbness. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Paralysis. 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Speech Impairment (in the form of slurred Speech). 
Exposure to Mercury can cause Tremor.  
Respiratory System
Mercury concentrates in and damages the Lungs.
Sexual System
Exposure to Mercury during Pregnancy increases the risk of Birth Defects.
Long-term exposure to Mercury can cause Female Infertility.  peer-reviewed
Long-term exposure to Mercury can cause Male Infertility.  peer-reviewed 
Skin
Mercury toxicity can be an underlying cause of Dermatitis.  
Environmental Sources of Mercury
Amalgam Dental Fillings contain 46% to 56% (elemental metallic) Mercury:  peer-reviewed 
-One (large) Amalgam Dental Filling can contain up to 750 mg of (elemental metallic) Mercury.
-A vapor containing the Mercury component of Amalgam Dental Fillings “leaches out” during a persons’ lifetime and because of this “leaching” there is concern as to the quantity of Mercury that a person with Amalgam Dental Fillings may be exposed to over the course of their lifetime.  It has been estimated that (depending on the number of fillings a Mouth contains), an individual may be exposed to 10 - 100 micrograms of Mercury each day from their Amalgam Dental Fillings. 
Mercurochrome (Merbromin) contains organic Mercury.
Batteries
Canvas
Burning Coal
Cosmetics:  Mercury is used as a preservative in some cosmetics - especially in women’s Eye makeup.  Currently the FDA (Federal Drug Administration of the USA) permits up to 65 parts per million of Mercury to be included in Eye makeup.
Fluorescent Lights contain Mercury vapor. 
Plastics
Mercury is a component of Tobacco smoke.
Drinking Water
Mercury Interferes with these Substances
Amino Acids
Cysteine
Cystine
Mercury reduces the absorption of Methionine (due to Methionine chelating Mercury from the body).
Taurine
Minerals
Mercury binds with Calcium within the body.
Mercury reduces the body's absorption of Copper.
Mercury interferes with Magnesium.
Mercury reduces the amount of available Selenium within the body (due to Selenium binding to Mercury and facilitating its excretion from the body).
Neurotransmitters
Mercury (especially the Dimethylmercury form) inhibits the synthesis of Acetylcholine.  
Peptides
Mercury causes the depletion of Glutathione.  
Vitamins
Mercury causes depletion of Vitamin C.
Forms of Mercury
Elemental Mercury (Metallic Mercury)
Elemental Mercury is Water-insoluble but does dissolve in organic, lipophilic solvents.  It is in a liquid state at room temperature.  80% of inhaled elemental Mercury vapor is directly incorporated into the bloodstream where it is then transported throughout the body.  It readily crosses all Cell Membranes where it is converted to Inorganic Mercury.  It is present in:
-Amalgam, which consists of elemental Mercury alloyed to other metals.  It is often used in Dental Fillings.
-Thermometers
Inorganic Mercury (Mercury Salts)
Mercurous Chloride (also known as Calomel) is an ingredient in some so-called “beauty creams” (e.g. Crema de Belleza-Manning) produced in Mexico.  These creams have been responsible for several cases of Mercury poisoning.  
Organic Mercury
Organic Mercury compounds are formed from Elemental (Metallic) Mercury or Inorganic Mercury by Microorganisms and by Enzymes present in human Blood.  Organic Mercury compounds are volatile, highly lipid-soluble and can readily permeate human tissues.  Forms of Organic Mercury include:
-Dimethylmercury (also known as Methylmercury;  Methyl Mercury or MeHg) is a form of Organic Mercury that is a common contaminant of Fish and Shellfish.  Mercury is methylated by various Microorganisms in the food chain and often ends its cycle in Fish and Shellfish consumed by humans.  Dimethylmercury consumed via the diet is highly bioavailable to the human body (approximately 90% of consumed Dimethylmercury passes through the Gastrointestinal Tract).  It accumulates in all Cells of the human body, but especially in the Hair, Brain, Liver, Kidneys, Blood and Skin.
-Ethylmercury (also known as Thimerisol) is included as a Preservative in the manufacture of Vaccines.
-Merbromin (also known as Mercurochrome).
Bioavailability
Mercury can enter the body through inhalation or ingestion.
Mercury is very easily absorbed via topical (transdermal) entry into the Skin (e.g. as a component of Skin Creams).
90% of ingested Dimethylmercury passes through the Gastrointestinal Tract and subsequently enters the body’s Cells.
The human body is only capable of excreting 1% of its accumulated Organic Mercury each day.
________________________________________
LEAD
Description
Lead is a Toxic Mineral.

Toxic Effects of Lead
Cardiovascular System
Anemia is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Lead accumulation can cause Hypertension.  
Digestive System
Chronic Lead poisoning causes loss of Appetite.
Lead causes Colic.
Constipation is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Excretory System
Lead accumulates in the Kidneys and acute and chronic Lead exposure causes Kidney damage.  
Immune System
Lead increases the risk of Cancer - Lead activates Hyaluronidase (an endogenous enzyme that facilitates the growth of Cancer cells).
Lead suppresses the function of the Immune System:
-Lead inhibits the activity of TH1 Helper T-Cells.  peer-reviewed
-Lead stimulates the overactivity of TH2 Helper T-Cells.  peer-reviewed 
Metabolism
Fatigue is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Lead causes the production of Free Radicals within the body.
Lead accumulates in the Liver.
Lead has been implicated in Obesity.
Musculoskeletal System
Muscle Pain is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Lead can cause Muscular Tics.
Nervous System
Excessive exposure to Lead increases the likelihood of Aggressiveness. 
Chronic Lead toxicity can cause the hyperactivity that is associated with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). 
Lead causes impairment of the Sense of Balance.
Lead damages the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Chronic Lead poisoning can cause permanent Brain damage.
Poor Concentration ability is a symptom of increasing levels of accumulated Lead within the body. 
Lead causes Confusion.
Lead poisoning causes Convulsions.
Poor Coordination is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Lead accumulation can cause Deafness.
Dementia can occur as a result of chronic Lead poisoning.
Lead causes Depression.  
Lead causes Hallucinations. 
Headache is an early symptom of Lead poisoning.
Excessive accumulated Lead can cause Insomnia. 
Reduced Intelligence is a symptom of increasing levels of accumulated Lead within the body:  
-Every additional 10 micrograms of Lead per dl of Blood is associated with a reduction of 1 - 3 IQ points.
Chronic Lead exposure impairs Learning ability (especially in children). 
Memory Impairment is a symptom of increasing levels of accumulated Lead within the body. 
Lead interferes with numerous aspects of Mental Function.
Mental Retardation (especially in children) can occur as a result of chronic Lead exposure.
Excessive Blood levels of Lead are associated with poor (“bad”) Mood. 
Excessive Lead is suspected of being a trigger for Multiple Sclerosis (MS).  
Speech Impairment is a symptom of increasing levels of accumulated Lead within the body.
Lead exposure or ingestion can cause impairment of the sense of Touch. 
Lead can cause Vertigo.
Respiratory System
Excessive exposure to Lead increases the risk of Asthma.
Sexual System
Miscarriage can occur as a result of chronic Lead poisoning.
Lead intoxication is implicated in the PMS-D (Depression) form of Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS).
Lead causes prenatal hazards in females during Pregnancy.
Sources of Lead
Air Pollution
Car Exhaust Fumes are the most prevalent source of atmospheric Lead.
Tobacco Smoke contains Lead.
Alcoholic Beverages
Wine is susceptible to Lead contamination from the seals on Wine bottles and the linings of Wine casks.
Environmental Toxins
Crayons
Lead Crystal Glasses
Lead Paint
Lead Pipes
Newspapers and Magazines containing Lead-based Inks
Food Utensils
Cooking Utensils (especially older items) sometimes contain Lead.
Lead Crystal Glassware and Decanters
Personal Care Products
Various Cosmetics contain Lead.
Hair Colorings sometimes contain Lead.
Some brands of commercial Toothpaste contain Lead.
These Foods Increase the Body's Absorption of Environmental Lead
Dairy Products increase the body's absorption of Lead.
Lead Interferes with these Substances
Enzymes
Lead reduces the activity of (Type I) 5'-Deiodinase.  
Hormones
Lead impairs the peripheral production of Triiodothyronine (T3) from Thyroxine (by interfering with the enzyme 5'-Deiodinase that catalyzes this conversion).  
Neurotransmitters
When Lead is consumed, it travels to the Synapses between Neurons in the Brain and blocks the transmission of Neurotransmitters.
Minerals
Lead binds to Calcium and thereby inhibits Calcium absorption.
Lead interferes with the body's absorption of Iron.
Lead interferes with the body's absorption of Magnesium. 
Lead interferes with the body's absorption of Manganese.
Lead interferes with Molybdenum.
Lead competes with Zinc for absorption.
Vitamins
Lead causes depletion of Vitamin C.
Human Lead Content and Toxic Levels  
The average adult human body content of Lead is 120 mg.
The average human daily intake of Lead is 200 - 400 micrograms per day.
A level of 28 micrograms of Lead per gram of Urine Creatinine or less is considered acceptable for general health.
When Hair analysis is performed, amounts of Lead above 50 ppm are regarded as toxic
Bioavailability
Ingestion
Lead accumulates in the body at a faster rate than it is excreted.
Lead consumed via beverages is more easily absorbed than that consumed in food.
The average absorption of Lead from dietary sources is 10%:
-If Iron deficiency exists, the amount of dietary Lead absorbed increases to 24%.
Lead is capable of crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Excretion
20% of absorbed Lead is excreted in the Feces and Urine over a 12 day period.